Add support for gds paths

masque/file/gdsii.py

@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ import logging
 
 from .utils import mangle_name, make_dose_table
 from .. import Pattern, SubPattern, GridRepetition, PatternError, Label, Shape
-from ..shapes import Polygon
+from ..shapes import Polygon, Path
 from ..utils import rotation_matrix_2d, get_bit, set_bit, vector2, is_scalar
+from ..utils import remove_colinear_vertices
 
 
 __author__ = 'Jan Petykiewicz'
@@ -25,6 +26,13 @@ __author__ = 'Jan Petykiewicz'
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+path_cap_map = {0: Path.Cap.Flush,
+                1: Path.Cap.Circle,
+                2: Path.Cap.Square,
+               #3: custom?
+               }
+
+
 def write(patterns: Pattern or List[Pattern],
           filename: str,
           meters_per_unit: float,
@@ -81,12 +89,8 @@ def write(patterns: Pattern or List[Pattern],
         structure = gdsii.structure.Structure(name=pat.name)
         lib.append(structure)
 
-        # Add a Boundary element for each shape
+        structure += _shapes_to_elements(pat.shapes)
-        structure += _shapes_to_boundaries(pat.shapes)
-
         structure += _labels_to_texts(pat.labels)
-
-        # Add an SREF / AREF for each subpattern entry
         structure += _subpatterns_to_refs(pat.subpatterns)
 
     with open(filename, mode='wb') as stream:
@@ -255,13 +259,17 @@ def read(filename: str,
         for element in structure:
             # Switch based on element type:
             if isinstance(element, gdsii.elements.Boundary):
+                args = {'vertices': element.xy[:-1],
+                       }
+
                 if use_dtype_as_dose:
-                    shape = Polygon(vertices=element.xy[:-1],
+                    args['dose'] = element.data_type
-                                    dose=element.data_type,
+                    args['layer'] = element.layer
-                                    layer=element.layer)
                 else:
-                    shape = Polygon(vertices=element.xy[:-1],
+                    args['layer'] = (element.layer, element.data_type)
-                                    layer=(element.layer, element.data_type))
+
+                shape = Polygon(**args)
+
                 if clean_vertices:
                     try:
                         shape.clean_vertices()
@@ -270,6 +278,33 @@ def read(filename: str,
 
                 pat.shapes.append(shape)
 
+            if isinstance(element, gdsii.elements.Path):
+                if element.path_type in path_cap_map:
+                    cap = path_cap_map[element.path_type]
+                else:
+                    raise PatternError('Unrecognized path type: {}'.format(element.path_type))
+
+                args = {'vertices': element.xy,
+                        'width': element.width,
+                        'cap': cap,
+                       }
+
+                if use_dtype_as_dose:
+                    args['dose'] = element.data_type
+                    args['layer'] = element.layer
+                else:
+                    args['layer'] = (element.layer, element.data_type)
+
+                shape = Path(**args)
+
+                if clean_vertices:
+                    try:
+                        shape.clean_vertices()
+                    except PatternError as err:
+                        continue
+
+                pat.shapes.append(shape)
+
             elif isinstance(element, gdsii.elements.Text):
                 label = Label(offset=element.xy,
                               layer=(element.layer, element.text_type),
@@ -425,19 +460,31 @@ def _subpatterns_to_refs(subpatterns: List[SubPattern or GridRepetition]
     return refs
 
 
-def _shapes_to_boundaries(shapes: List[Shape]
+def _shapes_to_elements(shapes: List[Shape],
-                         ) -> List[gdsii.elements.Boundary]:
+                        polygonize_paths: bool = False
-    # Add a Boundary element for each shape
+                       ) -> List[gdsii.elements.Boundary]:
-    boundaries = []
+    elements = []
+    # Add a Boundary element for each shape, and Path elements if necessary
     for shape in shapes:
         layer, data_type = _mlayer2gds(shape.layer)
-        for polygon in shape.to_polygons():
+        if isinstance(shape, Path) and not polygonize_paths:
-            xy_open = numpy.round(polygon.vertices + polygon.offset).astype(int)
+            xy = numpy.round(shape.vertices + shape.offset).astype(int)
-            xy_closed = numpy.vstack((xy_open, xy_open[0, :]))
+            width = numpy.round(shape.width).astype(int)
-            boundaries.append(gdsii.elements.Boundary(layer=layer,
+            path_type = next(k for k, v in path_cap_map.items() if v == shape.cap)    #reverse lookup
-                                                      data_type=data_type,
+            path = gdsii.elements.Path(layer=layer,
-                                                      xy=xy_closed))
+                                       data_type=data_type,
-    return boundaries
+                                       xy=xy)
+            path.path_type = path_type
+            path.width = width
+            elements.append(path)
+        else:
+            for polygon in shape.to_polygons():
+                xy_open = numpy.round(polygon.vertices + polygon.offset).astype(int)
+                xy_closed = numpy.vstack((xy_open, xy_open[0, :]))
+                elements.append(gdsii.elements.Boundary(layer=layer,
+                                                        data_type=data_type,
+                                                        xy=xy_closed))
+    return elements
 
 
 def _labels_to_texts(labels: List[Label]) -> List[gdsii.elements.Text]:

masque/shapes/__init__.py

@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ from .circle import Circle
 from .ellipse import Ellipse
 from .arc import Arc
 from .text import Text
+from .path import Path

masque/shapes/path.py

@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+from typing import List, Tuple
+import copy
+from enum import Enum
+import numpy
+from numpy import pi
+
+from . import Shape, normalized_shape_tuple, Polygon, Circle
+from .. import PatternError
+from ..utils import is_scalar, rotation_matrix_2d, vector2
+from ..utils import remove_colinear_vertices, remove_duplicate_vertices
+
+__author__ = 'Jan Petykiewicz'
+
+
+class Path(Shape):
+    """
+    A path, consisting of a bunch of vertices (Nx2 ndarray), a width, an end-cap shape,
+        and an offset.
+
+    A normalized_form(...) is available, but can be quite slow with lots of vertices.
+    """
+    _vertices = None        # type: numpy.ndarray
+    _width = None           # type: float
+    _cap = None             # type: Path.Cap
+
+    class Cap(Enum):
+        Flush = 0       # Path ends at final vertices
+        Circle = 1      # Path extends past final vertices with a semicircle of radius width/2
+        Square = 2      # Path extends past final vertices with a width-by-width/2 rectangle
+
+
+    # width property
+    @property
+    def width(self) -> float:
+        """
+        Path width (float, >= 0)
+
+        :return: width
+        """
+        return self._width
+
+    @width.setter
+    def width(self, val: float):
+        if not is_scalar(val):
+            raise PatternError('Width must be a scalar')
+        if not val >= 0:
+            raise PatternError('Width must be non-negative')
+        self._width = val
+
+    # cap property
+    @property
+    def cap(self) -> 'Path.Cap':
+        """
+        Path end-cap
+
+        :return: Path.Cap enum
+        """
+        return self._cap
+
+    @cap.setter
+    def cap(self, val: 'Path.Cap'):
+        self._cap = Path.Cap(val)
+
+    # vertices property
+    @property
+    def vertices(self) -> numpy.ndarray:
+        """
+        Vertices of the path (Nx2 ndarray: [[x0, y0], [x1, y1], ...]
+
+        :return: vertices
+        """
+        return self._vertices
+
+    @vertices.setter
+    def vertices(self, val: numpy.ndarray):
+        val = numpy.array(val, dtype=float)
+        if len(val.shape) < 2 or val.shape[1] != 2:
+            raise PatternError('Vertices must be an Nx2 array')
+        if val.shape[0] < 2:
+            raise PatternError('Must have at least 2 vertices (Nx2 where N>1)')
+        self._vertices = val
+
+    # xs property
+    @property
+    def xs(self) -> numpy.ndarray:
+        """
+        All vertex x coords as a 1D ndarray
+        """
+        return self.vertices[:, 0]
+
+    @xs.setter
+    def xs(self, val: numpy.ndarray):
+        val = numpy.array(val, dtype=float).flatten()
+        if val.size != self.vertices.shape[0]:
+            raise PatternError('Wrong number of vertices')
+        self.vertices[:, 0] = val
+
+    # ys property
+    @property
+    def ys(self) -> numpy.ndarray:
+        """
+        All vertex y coords as a 1D ndarray
+        """
+        return self.vertices[:, 1]
+
+    @ys.setter
+    def ys(self, val: numpy.ndarray):
+        val = numpy.array(val, dtype=float).flatten()
+        if val.size != self.vertices.shape[0]:
+            raise PatternError('Wrong number of vertices')
+        self.vertices[:, 1] = val
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 vertices: numpy.ndarray,
+                 width: float = 0.0,
+                 cap: 'Path.Cap' = Cap.Flush,
+                 offset: vector2=(0.0, 0.0),
+                 rotation: float = 0,
+                 mirrored: Tuple[bool] = (False, False),
+                 layer: int=0,
+                 dose: float=1.0,
+                 ) -> 'Path':
+        self.offset = offset
+        self.layer = layer
+        self.dose = dose
+        self.vertices = vertices
+        self.width = width
+        self.cap = cap
+        self.rotate(rotation)
+        [self.mirror(a) for a, do in enumerate(mirrored) if do]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def travel(travel_pairs: Tuple[Tuple[float, float]],
+               width: float = 0.0,
+               cap: 'Path.Cap' = Cap.Flush,
+               offset: vector2=(0.0, 0.0),
+               rotation: float = 0,
+               mirrored: Tuple[bool] = (False, False),
+               layer: int=0,
+               dose: float=1.0,
+               ) -> 'Path':
+        """
+        Build a path by specifying the turn angles and travel distances
+          rather than setting the distances directly.
+
+        :param travel_pairs: A list of (angle, distance) pairs that define
+            the path. Angles are counterclockwise, in radians, and are relative
+            to the previous segment's direction (the initial angle is relative
+            to the +x axis).
+        :param width: Path width, default 0
+        :param cap: End-cap type, default Path.Cap.Flush (no end-cap)
+        :param offset: Offset, default (0, 0)
+        :param rotation: Rotation counterclockwise, in radians. Default 0
+        :param mirrored: Whether to mirror across the x or y axes. For example,
+            mirrored=(True, False) results in a reflection across the x-axis,
+            multiplying the path's y-coordinates by -1. Default (False, False)
+        :param layer: Layer, default 0
+        :param dose: Dose, default 1.0
+        :return: The resulting Path object
+        """
+        #TODO: needs testing
+        direction = numpy.array([1, 0])
+
+        verts = [[0, 0]]
+        for angle, distance in travel_pairs:
+            direction = numpy.dot(rotation_matrix_2d(angle), direction.T).T
+            verts.append(verts[-1] + direction * distance)
+
+        return Path(vertices=verts, width=width, cap=cap,
+                    offset=offset, rotation=rotation, mirrored=mirrored,
+                    layer=layer, dose=dose)
+
+    def to_polygons(self,
+                    poly_num_points: int=None,
+                    poly_max_arclen: float=None,
+                    ) -> List['Polygon']:
+        if self.cap in (Path.Cap.Flush, Path.Cap.Circle):
+            extension = 0.0
+        elif self.cap == Path.Cap.Square:
+            extension = self.width / 2
+        else:
+            raise PatternError('Unrecognized path endcap: {}'.format(self.cap))
+
+        v = remove_colinear_vertices(self.vertices, closed_path=False)
+        dv = numpy.diff(v, axis=0)
+        dvdir = dv / numpy.sqrt((dv * dv).sum(axis=1))[:, None]
+
+        if self.width == 0:
+            verts = numpy.vstack((v, v[::-1]))
+            return [Polygon(offset=self.offset, vertices=verts, dose=self.dose, layer=self.layer)]
+
+        perp = dvdir[:, ::-1] * [[1, -1]] * self.width / 2
+
+        # add extension
+        if extension != 0:
+            v[0] -= dvdir[0] * extension
+            v[-1] += dvdir[-1] * extension
+            dv = numpy.diff(v, axis=0)      # recalculate dv; dvdir and perp should stay the same
+
+
+        # Find intersections of expanded sides
+        As = numpy.stack((dv[:-1], -dv[1:]), axis=2)
+        bs = v[1:-1] - v[:-2] + perp[1:] - perp[:-1]
+        ds = v[1:-1] - v[:-2] - perp[1:] + perp[:-1]
+
+        rp = numpy.linalg.solve(As, bs)[:, 0, None]
+        rn = numpy.linalg.solve(As, ds)[:, 0, None]
+
+        intersection_p = v[:-2] + rp * dv[:-1] + perp[:-1]
+        intersection_n = v[:-2] + rn * dv[:-1] - perp[:-1]
+
+        towards_perp = (dv[1:] * perp[:-1]).sum(axis=1) > 0 # path bends towards previous perp?
+#       straight = (dv[1:] * perp[:-1]).sum(axis=1) == 0    # path is straight
+        acute = (dv[1:] * dv[:-1]).sum(axis=1) < 0          # angle is acute?
+
+        # Build vertices
+        o0 = [v[0] + perp[0]]
+        o1 = [v[0] - perp[0]]
+        for i in range(dv.shape[0] - 1):
+            if towards_perp[i]:
+                o0.append(intersection_p[i])
+                if acute[i]:
+                    o1.append(intersection_n[i])
+                else:
+                    # Opposite is >270
+                    pt0 = v[i + 1] - perp[i + 0] + dvdir[i + 0] * self.width / 2
+                    pt1 = v[i + 1] - perp[i + 1] - dvdir[i + 1] * self.width / 2
+                    o1 += [pt0, pt1]
+            else:
+                o1.append(intersection_n[i])
+                if acute[i]:
+                    # > 270
+                    pt0 = v[i + 1] + perp[i + 0] + dvdir[i + 0] * self.width / 2
+                    pt1 = v[i + 1] + perp[i + 1] - dvdir[i + 1] * self.width / 2
+                    o0 += [pt0, pt1]
+                else:
+                    o0.append(intersection_p[i])
+        o0.append(v[-1] + perp[-1])
+        o1.append(v[-1] - perp[-1])
+        verts = numpy.vstack((o0, o1[::-1]))
+
+        polys = [Polygon(offset=self.offset, vertices=verts, dose=self.dose, layer=self.layer)]
+
+        if self.cap == Path.Cap.Circle:
+            #for vert in v:         # not sure if every vertex, or just ends?
+            for vert in [v[0], v[-1]]:
+                circ = Circle(offset=vert, radius=self.width / 2, dose=self.dose, layer=self.layer)
+                polys += circ.to_polygons(poly_num_points=poly_num_points, poly_max_arclen=poly_max_arclen)
+
+        return polys
+
+    def get_bounds(self) -> numpy.ndarray:
+        if self.cap == Path.Cap.Circle:
+            bounds = self.offset + numpy.vstack((numpy.min(self.vertices, axis=0) - self.width / 2,
+                                                 numpy.max(self.vertices, axis=0) + self.width / 2))
+        elif self.cap in (Path.Cap.Flush,
+                          Path.Cap.Square):
+            if self.cap == Path.Cap.Flush:
+                extension = 0
+            elif self.cap == Path.Cap.Square:
+                extension = self.width / 2
+
+            v = remove_colinear_vertices(self.vertices, closed_path=False)
+            dv = numpy.diff(v, axis=0)
+            dvdir = dv / numpy.sqrt((dv * dv).sum(axis=1))[:, None]
+            perp = dvdir[:, ::-1] * [[1, -1]] * self.width / 2
+
+            v[0] -= dvdir * extension
+            v[-1] += dvdir * extension
+
+            bounds = self.offset + numpy.vstack((numpy.min(v - numpy.abs(perp), axis=0),
+                                                 numpy.max(v + numpy.abs(perp), axis=0)))
+        else:
+            raise PatternError('get_bounds() not implemented for endcaps: {}'.format(self.cap))
+
+        return bounds
+
+    def rotate(self, theta: float) -> 'Path':
+        self.vertices = numpy.dot(rotation_matrix_2d(theta), self.vertices.T).T
+        return self
+
+    def mirror(self, axis: int) -> 'Path':
+        self.vertices[:, axis - 1] *= -1
+        return self
+
+    def scale_by(self, c: float) -> 'Path':
+        self.vertices *= c
+        self.width *= c
+        return self
+
+    def normalized_form(self, norm_value: float) -> normalized_shape_tuple:
+        # Note: this function is going to be pretty slow for many-vertexed paths, relative to
+        #   other shapes
+        offset = self.vertices.mean(axis=0) + self.offset
+        zeroed_vertices = self.vertices - offset
+
+        scale = zeroed_vertices.std()
+        normed_vertices = zeroed_vertices / scale
+
+        _, _, vertex_axis = numpy.linalg.svd(zeroed_vertices)
+        rotation = numpy.arctan2(vertex_axis[0][1], vertex_axis[0][0]) % (2 * pi)
+        rotated_vertices = numpy.vstack([numpy.dot(rotation_matrix_2d(-rotation), v)
+                                        for v in normed_vertices])
+
+        # Reorder the vertices so that the one with lowest x, then y, comes first.
+        x_min = rotated_vertices[:, 0].argmin()
+        if not is_scalar(x_min):
+            y_min = rotated_vertices[x_min, 1].argmin()
+            x_min = x_min[y_min]
+        reordered_vertices = numpy.roll(rotated_vertices, -x_min, axis=0)
+
+        width0 = self.width / norm_value
+
+        return (type(self), reordered_vertices.data.tobytes(), width0, self.cap, self.layer), \
+               (offset, scale/norm_value, rotation, self.dose), \
+               lambda: Polygon(reordered_vertices*norm_value, width=self.width*norm_value,
+                               cap=self.cap, layer=self.layer)
+
+    def clean_vertices(self) -> 'Path':
+        """
+        Removes duplicate, co-linear and otherwise redundant vertices.
+
+        :returns: self
+        """
+        self.remove_colinear_vertices()
+        return self
+
+    def remove_duplicate_vertices(self) -> 'Path':
+        '''
+        Removes all consecutive duplicate (repeated) vertices.
+
+        :returns: self
+        '''
+        self.vertices = remove_duplicate_vertices(self.vertices, closed_path=False)
+        return self
+
+    def remove_colinear_vertices(self) -> 'Path':
+        '''
+        Removes consecutive co-linear vertices.
+
+        :returns: self
+        '''
+        self.vertices = remove_colinear_vertices(self.vertices, closed_path=False)
+        return self