diff --git a/masque/file/utils.py b/masque/file/utils.py
index a973840..ca6cb6d 100644
--- a/masque/file/utils.py
+++ b/masque/file/utils.py
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 """
 Helper functions for file reading and writing
 """
-from typing import IO, Iterator
+from typing import IO, Iterator, Mapping
 import re
 import pathlib
 import logging
 import tempfile
 import shutil
+from collections import defaultdict
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from pprint import pformat
 from itertools import chain
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ def preflight(
         allow_dangling_refs: bool | None = None,
         allow_named_layers: bool = True,
         prune_empty_patterns: bool = False,
+        wrap_repeated_shapes: bool = False,
         ) -> Library:
     """
     Run a standard set of useful operations and checks, usually done immediately prior
@@ -38,37 +40,45 @@ def preflight(
         allow_named_layers: If `False`, raises a `PatternError` if any layer is referred to by
             a string instead of a number (or tuple).
         prune_empty_patterns: Runs `Library.prune_empty()`, recursively deleting any empty patterns.
+        wrap_repeated_shapes: Runs `Library.wrap_repeated_shapes()`, turning repeated shapes into
+            repeated refs containing non-repeated shapes.
 
     Returns:
         `lib` or an equivalent sorted library
     """
     if sort:
         lib = Library(dict(sorted(
-            (nn: pp.sort()) for nn, pp in lib.items()
+            (nn, pp.sort()) for nn, pp in lib.items()
             )))
 
     if not allow_dangling_refs:
         refs = lib.referenced_patterns()
         dangling = refs - set(lib.keys())
-        msg = 'Dangling refs in found: ' + pformat(dangling)
-        if allow_dangling_refs is None:
-            logger.warning(msg)
-        else:
-            raise LibraryError(msg)
+        if dangling:
+            msg = 'Dangling refs in found: ' + pformat(dangling)
+            if allow_dangling_refs is None:
+                logger.warning(msg)
+            else:
+                raise LibraryError(msg)
 
     if not allow_named_layers:
-        named_layers = defaultdict(set)
+        named_layers: Mapping[str, set] = defaultdict(set)
         for name, pat in lib.items():
             for layer in chain(pat.shapes.keys(), pat.labels.keys()):
                 if isinstance(layer, str):
                     named_layers[name].add(layer)
-        raise PatternError('Non-numeric layers found:' + pformat(named_layers))
+        named_layers = dict(named_layers)
+        if named_layers:
+            raise PatternError('Non-numeric layers found:' + pformat(named_layers))
 
     if prune_empty_patterns:
         pruned = lib.prune_empty()
         logger.info(f'Preflight pruned {len(pruned)} empty patterns')
         logger.debug('Pruned: ' + pformat(pruned))
 
+    if wrap_repeated_shapes:
+        lib.wrap_repeated_shapes()
+
     return lib
 
 
diff --git a/masque/pattern.py b/masque/pattern.py
index 6a46535..0acdf3f 100644
--- a/masque/pattern.py
+++ b/masque/pattern.py
@@ -247,6 +247,9 @@ class Pattern(PortList, AnnotatableImpl, Mirrorable):
         return False
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            return False
+
         self_nonempty_targets = [target for target, reflist in self.refs.items() if reflist]
         other_nonempty_targets = [target for target, reflist in self.refs.items() if reflist]
         self_tgtkeys = tuple(sorted((target is None, target) for target in self_nonempty_targets))
@@ -305,16 +308,16 @@ class Pattern(PortList, AnnotatableImpl, Mirrorable):
         Returns:
             self
         """
-        self.refs = dict(sorted(
+        self.refs = defaultdict(list, sorted(
             (tgt, sorted(rrs)) for tgt, rrs in self.refs.items()
             ))
-        self.labels = dict(sorted(
-            (layer, sorted(lls)) for layer, lls in self.labels.items(),
-            key=lambda kk, vv: layer2key(ll),
+        self.labels = defaultdict(list, sorted(
+            ((layer, sorted(lls)) for layer, lls in self.labels.items()),
+            key=lambda tt: layer2key(tt[0]),
             ))
-        self.shapes = dict(sorted(
-            (layer, sorted(sss)) for layer, sss in self.shapes.items(),
-            key=lambda kk, vv: layer2key(ll),
+        self.shapes = defaultdict(list, sorted(
+            ((layer, sorted(sss)) for layer, sss in self.shapes.items()),
+            key=lambda tt: layer2key(tt[0]),
             ))
 
         self.ports = dict(sorted(self.ports.items()))
@@ -1217,7 +1220,7 @@ class Pattern(PortList, AnnotatableImpl, Mirrorable):
           ports specified by `map_out`.
 
         Examples:
-        =========
+        ======list, ===
         - `my_pat.plug(subdevice, {'A': 'C', 'B': 'B'}, map_out={'D': 'myport'})`
             instantiates `subdevice` into `my_pat`, plugging ports 'A' and 'B'
             of `my_pat` into ports 'C' and 'B' of `subdevice`. The connected ports
diff --git a/masque/ports.py b/masque/ports.py
index 9cc4e45..2cff75c 100644
--- a/masque/ports.py
+++ b/masque/ports.py
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class Port(PositionableImpl, Rotatable, PivotableImpl, Copyable, Mirrorable):
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            type(self) == type(other)
+            type(self) is type(other)
             and self.ptype == other.ptype
             and numpy.array_equal(self.offset, other.offset)
             and self.rotation == other.rotation
diff --git a/masque/repetition.py b/masque/repetition.py
index 30e27b0..5436c11 100644
--- a/masque/repetition.py
+++ b/masque/repetition.py
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ class Grid(Repetition):
         return (f'<Grid {self.a_count}x{self.b_count} ({self.a_vector}{bv})>')
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
-        if type(other) != type(self):
+        if type(other) is not type(self):
             return False
         if self.a_count != other.a_count or self.b_count != other.b_count:
             return False
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ class Grid(Repetition):
         return True
 
     def __le__(self, other: Repetition) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
             return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
         other = cast(Grid, other)
         if self.a_count != other.a_count:
@@ -353,12 +353,12 @@ class Arbitrary(Repetition):
         return (f'<Arbitrary {len(self.displacements)}pts >')
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
-        if not type(other) != type(self):
+        if not type(other) is not type(self):
             return False
         return numpy.array_equal(self.displacements, other.displacements)
 
     def __le__(self, other: Repetition) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
             return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
         other = cast(Arbitrary, other)
         if self.displacements.size != other.displacements.size:
diff --git a/masque/shapes/arc.py b/masque/shapes/arc.py
index 60c077f..aa171ed 100644
--- a/masque/shapes/arc.py
+++ b/masque/shapes/arc.py
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ class Arc(Shape):
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            type(self) != type(other)
+            type(self) is type(other)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.offset, other.offset)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.radii, other.radii)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.angles, other.angles)
@@ -202,8 +202,10 @@ class Arc(Shape):
             )
 
     def __lt__(self, other: Shape) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
-            return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            if repr(type(self)) != repr(type(other)):
+                return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+            return id(type(self)) < id(type(other))
         other = cast(Arc, other)
         if self.width != other.width:
             return self.width < other.width
diff --git a/masque/shapes/circle.py b/masque/shapes/circle.py
index f03f9f3..628f8b8 100644
--- a/masque/shapes/circle.py
+++ b/masque/shapes/circle.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class Circle(Shape):
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            type(self) != type(other)
+            type(self) is type(other)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.offset, other.offset)
             and self.radius == other.radius
             and self.repetition == other.repetition
@@ -80,8 +80,10 @@ class Circle(Shape):
             )
 
     def __lt__(self, other: Shape) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
-            return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            if repr(type(self)) != repr(type(other)):
+                return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+            return id(type(self)) < id(type(other))
         other = cast(Circle, other)
         if not self.radius == other.radius:
             return self.radius < other.radius
diff --git a/masque/shapes/ellipse.py b/masque/shapes/ellipse.py
index a0c7a92..9c671d6 100644
--- a/masque/shapes/ellipse.py
+++ b/masque/shapes/ellipse.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class Ellipse(Shape):
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            type(self) != type(other)
+            type(self) is type(other)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.offset, other.offset)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.radii, other.radii)
             and self.rotation == other.rotation
@@ -130,8 +130,10 @@ class Ellipse(Shape):
             )
 
     def __lt__(self, other: Shape) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
-            return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            if repr(type(self)) != repr(type(other)):
+                return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+            return id(type(self)) < id(type(other))
         other = cast(Ellipse, other)
         if not numpy.array_equal(self.radii, other.radii):
             return tuple(self.radii) < tuple(other.radii)
diff --git a/masque/shapes/path.py b/masque/shapes/path.py
index 5fc5a2a..d87286a 100644
--- a/masque/shapes/path.py
+++ b/masque/shapes/path.py
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ class Path(Shape):
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            type(self) != type(other)
+            type(self) is type(other)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.offset, other.offset)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.vertices, other.vertices)
             and self.width == other.width
@@ -220,8 +220,10 @@ class Path(Shape):
             )
 
     def __lt__(self, other: Shape) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
-            return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            if repr(type(self)) != repr(type(other)):
+                return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+            return id(type(self)) < id(type(other))
         other = cast(Path, other)
         if self.width != other.width:
             return self.width < other.width
diff --git a/masque/shapes/polygon.py b/masque/shapes/polygon.py
index 508f867..191ef9e 100644
--- a/masque/shapes/polygon.py
+++ b/masque/shapes/polygon.py
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class Polygon(Shape):
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            type(self) != type(other)
+            type(self) is type(other)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.offset, other.offset)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.vertices, other.vertices)
             and self.repetition == other.repetition
@@ -125,8 +125,10 @@ class Polygon(Shape):
             )
 
     def __lt__(self, other: Shape) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
-            return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            if repr(type(self)) != repr(type(other)):
+                return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+            return id(type(self)) < id(type(other))
         other = cast(Polygon, other)
         if not numpy.array_equal(self.vertices, other.vertices):
             return tuple(tuple(xy) for xy in self.vertices) < tuple(tuple(xy) for xy in other.vertices)
diff --git a/masque/shapes/text.py b/masque/shapes/text.py
index fc2e05c..d19d6c5 100644
--- a/masque/shapes/text.py
+++ b/masque/shapes/text.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class Text(RotatableImpl, Shape):
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
         return (
-            type(self) != type(other)
+            type(self) is type(other)
             and numpy.array_equal(self.offset, other.offset)
             and self.string == other.string
             and self.height == other.height
@@ -111,8 +111,10 @@ class Text(RotatableImpl, Shape):
             )
 
     def __lt__(self, other: Shape) -> bool:
-        if type(self) != type(other):
-            return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            if repr(type(self)) != repr(type(other)):
+                return repr(type(self)) < repr(type(other))
+            return id(type(self)) < id(type(other))
         other = cast(Text, other)
         if not self.height == other.height:
             return self.height < other.height