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GNU Affero General Public License
=================================
_Version 3, 19 November 2007_
_Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. &lt;<http://fsf.org/>&gt;_
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
## Preamble
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### 0. Definitions
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### 8. Termination
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Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
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### 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
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License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
### 13. Remote Network Interaction; Use with the GNU General Public License
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, if you modify the
Program, your modified version must prominently offer all users
interacting with it remotely through a computer network (if your version
supports such interaction) an opportunity to receive the Corresponding
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of the GNU General Public License that is incorporated pursuant to the
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Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
under version 3 of the GNU General Public License into a single
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### 14. Revised Versions of this License
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
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address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
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version or of any later version published by the Free Software
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If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
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Later license versions may give you additional or different
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### 15. Disclaimer of Warranty
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
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IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
### 16. Limitation of Liability
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES.
### 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
_END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS_
## How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer
network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to
get its source. For example, if your program is a web application, its
interface could display a “Source” link that leads users to an archive
of the code. There are many ways you could offer source, and different
solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the
specific requirements.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see
&lt;<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>&gt;.

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# mem_edit
**mem_edit** is a multiplatform memory editing library written in Python.
**Capabilities:**
* Scan all readable memory used by a process.
* Optionally restrict searches to regions with read + write permissions.
* Report on address space allocation
* Read/write using ctypes objects
* Basic types, e.g. ```ctypes.c_ulong()```
* Arrays, e.g. ```(ctypes.c_byte * 4)()```
* Instances of ```ctypes.Structure or ctypes.Union``` and subclasses.
* Run on Windows and Linux
## Installation
**Dependencies:**
* python 3 (written and tested with 3.5)
* ctypes
* typing (for type annotations)
Install with pip, from pypi (preferred):
```bash
pip install mem_edit
```
Install with pip from git repository
```bash
pip install git+https://mpxd.net/gogs/jan/mem_edit.git@release
```
## Documentation
Most functions and classes are documented inline.
To read the inline help,
```python3
import mem_edit
help(mem_edit.Process)
```
## Examples
Increment a magic number (unsigned long 1234567890) found in 'magic.exe':
```python3
import ctypes
from mem_edit import Process
magic_number = ctypes.ulong(1234567890)
pid = Process.get_pid_by_name('magic.exe')
with Process.open_process(pid) as p:
addrs = p.search_all_memory(magic_number)
# We don't want to edit if there's more than one result...
assert(len(addrs) == 1)
# We don't actually have to read the value here, but let's do so anyways...
num_ulong = p.read_memory(addrs[0], ctypes.c_ulong())
num = num_ulong.value
p.write_memory(addrs[0], ctypes.c_ulong(num + 1))
```
Narrow down a search after a value changes:
```python3
import ctypes
from mem_edit import Process
initial_value = 40
final_value = 55
pid = Process.get_pid_by_name('monitor_me.exe')
with Process.open_process(pid) as p:
addrs = p.search_all_memory(ctypes.c_int(initial_value))
input('Press enter when value has changed to ' + str(final_value))
filtered_addrs = p.search_addresses(addrs, ctypes.c_int(final_value))
print('Found addresses:')
for addr in filtered_addrs:
print(hex(addr))
```
Read and alter a structure:
```python3
import ctypes
from mem_edit import Process
class MyStruct(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
('first_member', ctypes.c_ulong),
('second_member', ctypes.c_void_p),
]
pid = Process.get_pid_by_name('something.exe')
with Process.open_process(pid) as p:
s = MyStruct()
s.first_member = 1234567890
s.second_member = 0x1234
addrs = p.search_all_memory(s)
print(addrs)
p.write_memory(0xafbfe0, s)
```

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"""
mem_edit
mem_edit is a multiplatform (Windows and Linux) python package for
reading, writing, and searching in the working memory of running
programs.
To get started, try:
from mem_edit import Process
help(Process)
"""
__author__ = 'Jan Petykiewicz'
import platform
from .utils import MemEditError
system = platform.system()
if system == 'Windows':
from .windows import Process
elif system == 'Linux':
from .linux import Process
else:
raise MemEditError('Only Linux and Windows are currently supported.')

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"""
Abstract class for cross-platform memory editing.
"""
from typing import List, Tuple
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
from contextlib import contextmanager
import copy
import ctypes
import logging
from .utils import ctypes_buffer_t, search_buffer
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class Process(metaclass=ABCMeta):
"""
This class is used to interact with processes running on the system
(i.e., by reading from or writing to the memory used by a given process).
The static methods
Process.list_available_pids()
Process.get_pid_by_name(executable_filename)
can be used to help find the process id (pid) of the target process. They are
provided for convenience only; it is probably better to use the tools built
in to your operating system to discover the pid of the specific process you
would like to edit.
Once you have found the pid, you are ready to construct an instance of Process
and use it to read and write to memory. Once you are done with the process,
use .close() to free up the process for access by other debuggers etc.
p = Process.open(1239)
p.close()
To read/write to memory, first create a buffer using ctypes:
buffer0 = (ctypes.c_byte * 5)(39, 50, 03, 40, 30)
buffer1 = ctypes.c_ulong()
and then use
p.write_memory(0x2fe, buffer0)
val0 = p.read_memory(0x220, buffer0)[:]
val1a = p.read_memory(0x149, buffer1).value
val2b = buffer1.value
assert(val1a == val2b)
Searching for a value can be done in a number of ways:
Search a list of addresses:
found_addresses = p.search_addresses([0x1020, 0x1030], buffer0)
Search the entire memory space:
found_addresses = p.search_all_memory(buffer0, writeable_only=False)
You can also get a list of which regions in memory are mapped (readable):
regions = p.list_mapped_regions(writeable_only=False)
which can be used along with search_buffer(...) to re-create .search_all_memory(...):
found = []
for region_start, region_stop in regions:
region_buffer = (ctypes.c_byte * (region_stop - region_start))()
p.read_memory(region_start, region_buffer)
found += utils.search_buffer(ctypes.c_ulong(123456790), region_buffer)
Other useful methods include the context manager, implemented as a static method:
with Process.open_process(pid) as p:
# use p here, no need to call p.close()
.get_path(), which reports the path of the executable file which was used
to start the process:
executable_path = p.get_path()
and deref_struct_pointer, which takes a pointer to a struct and reads out the struct members:
# struct is a list of (offset, buffer) pairs
struct_defintion = [(0x0, ctypes.c_ulong()),
(0x20, ctypes.c_byte())]
values = p.deref_struct_pointer(0x0feab4, struct_defintion)
which is shorthand for
struct_addr = p.read_memory(0x0feab4, ctypes.c_void_p())
values = [p.read_memory(struct_addr + 0x0, ctypes.c_ulong()),
p.read_memory(struct_addr + 0x20, ctypes.c_byte())]
=================
Putting all this together, a simple program which alters a magic number in the only running
instance of 'magic.exe' might look like this:
import ctypes
from mem_edit import Process
magic_number = ctypes.ulong(1234567890)
pid = Process.get_pid_by_name('magic.exe')
with Process.open_process(pid) as p:
addrs = p.search_all_memory(magic_number)
assert(len(addrs) == 1)
p.write_memory(addrs[0], ctypes.c_ulong(42))
Searching for a value which changes:
pid = Process.get_pid_by_name('monitor_me.exe')
with Process.open_process(pid) as p:
addrs = p.search_all_memory(ctypes.c_int(40))
input('Press enter when value has changed to 55')
filtered_addrs = p.search_addresses(addrs, ctypes.c_int(55))
print('Found addresses:')
for addr in filtered_addrs:
print(hex(addr))
"""
@abstractmethod
def __init__(self, process_id: int):
"""
Constructing a Process object prepares the process with specified process_id for
memory editing. Finding the process_id for the process you want to edit is often
easiest using os-specific tools (or by launching the process yourself, e.g. with
subprocess.Popen(...)).
:param process_id: Process id (pid) of the target process
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
def close(self):
"""
Detach from the process, removing our ability to edit it and
letting other debuggers attach to it instead.
This function should be called after you are done working with the process
and will no longer need it. See the Process.open_process(...) context
manager to avoid having to call this function yourself.
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
def write_memory(self, base_address: int, write_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t):
"""
Write the given buffer to the process's address space, starting at base_address.
:param base_address: The address to write at, in the process's address space.
:param write_buffer: A ctypes object, for example, ctypes.c_ulong(48),
(ctypes.c_byte * 3)(43, 21, 0xff), or a subclass of ctypes.Structure,
which will be written into memory starting at base_address.
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
def read_memory(self, base_address: int, read_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t) -> ctypes_buffer_t:
"""
Read into the given buffer from the process's address space, starting at base_address.
:param base_address: The address to read from, in the process's address space.
:param read_buffer: A ctypes object, for example. ctypes.c_ulong(),
(ctypes.c_byte * 3)(), or a subclass of ctypes.Structure, which will be
overwritten with the contents of the process's memory starting at base_address.
:returns: read_buffer is returned as well as being overwritten.
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
def list_mapped_regions(self, writeable_only=True) -> List[Tuple[int, int]]:
"""
Return a list of (start_address, stop_address) for the regions of the address space
accessible to (readable and possibly writable by) the process.
By default, this function does not return non-writeable regions.
:param writeable_only: If True, only return regions which are also writeable.
Default true.
:return: List of (start_address, stop_address) for each accessible memory region.
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
def get_path(self) -> str:
"""
Return the path to the executable file which was run to start this process.
:return: A string containing the path.
"""
pass
@staticmethod
@abstractmethod
def list_available_pids() -> List[int]:
"""
Return a list of all process ids (pids) accessible on this system.
:return: List of running process ids.
"""
pass
@staticmethod
@abstractmethod
def get_pid_by_name(target_name: str) -> int or None:
"""
Attempt to return the process id (pid) of a process which was run with an executable
file with the provided name.
This is a convenience method for quickly finding a process which is already known
to be unique and has a well-defined executable name.
Don't rely on this method if you can possibly avoid it, since it makes no
attempt to confirm that it found a unique process and breaks trivially (e.g. if the
executable file is renamed).
"""
pass
def deref_struct_pointer(self,
base_address: int,
targets: List[Tuple[int, ctypes_buffer_t]],
) -> List[ctypes_buffer_t]:
"""
Take a pointer to a struct and read out the struct members:
struct_defintion = [(0x0, ctypes.c_ulong()),
(0x20, ctypes.c_byte())]
values = p.deref_struct_pointer(0x0feab4, struct_defintion)
which is shorthand for
struct_addr = p.read_memory(0x0feab4, ctypes.c_void_p())
values = [p.read_memory(struct_addr + 0x0, ctypes.c_ulong()),
p.read_memory(struct_addr + 0x20, ctypes.c_byte())]
:param base_address: Address at which the struct pointer is located.
:param targets: List of (offset, read_buffer) pairs which will be read from the struct.
:return: List of read values corresponding to the provided targets.
"""
base = self.read_memory(base_address, ctypes.c_void_p())
vals = [self.read_memory(base + offset, buffer) for offset, buffer in targets]
return vals
def search_addresses(self, addresses: List[int], needle_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t) -> List[int]:
"""
Search for the provided value at each of the provided addresses, and return the addresses
where it is found.
:param addresses: List of addresses which should be probed.
:param needle_buffer: The value to search for. This should be a ctypes object of the same
sorts as used by .read_memory(...), which will be compared to the contents of
memory at each of the given addresses.
:return: List of addresses where the needle_buffer was found.
"""
found = []
read_buffer = copy.copy(needle_buffer)
for addr in addresses:
read = self.read_memory(addr, read_buffer)
if ctypes_equal(needle_buffer, read):
found.append(addr)
return found
def search_all_memory(self, needle_buffer, writeable_only=True) -> List[int]:
"""
Search the entire memory space accessible to the process for the provided value.
:param needle_buffer: The value to search for. This should be a ctypes object of the same
sorts as used by .read_memory(...), which will be compared to the contents of
memory at each acessible address.
:param writeable_only: If True, only search regions where the process has write access.
:return: List of addresses where the needle_buffer was found.
"""
found = []
for start, stop in self.list_mapped_regions(writeable_only):
try:
region_buffer = (ctypes.c_byte * (stop - start))()
self.read_memory(start, region_buffer)
found += [offset + start for offset in search_buffer(needle_buffer, region_buffer)]
except OSError:
logger.error('Failed to read in range 0x{} - 0x{}'.format(start, stop))
return found
@classmethod
@contextmanager
def open_process(cls, process_id: int) -> 'Process':
"""
Context manager which automatically closes the constructed Process:
with Process.open_process(2394) as p:
# use p here
# no need to run p.close()
:param process_id: Process id (pid), passed to the Process constructor.
:return: Constructed Process object.
"""
process = cls(process_id)
yield process
process.close()

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"""
Implementation of Process class for Linux
"""
from typing import List, Tuple
from os import strerror
import os
import os.path
import signal
import ctypes
import ctypes.util
import logging
from .abstract import Process as AbstractProcess
from .utils import ctypes_buffer_t, MemEditError
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
ptrace_commands = {
'PTRACE_GETREGS': 12,
'PTRACE_SETREGS': 13,
'PTRACE_ATTACH': 16,
'PTRACE_DETACH': 17,
'PTRACE_SYSCALL': 24,
'PTRACE_SEIZE': 16902,
}
# import ptrace() from libc
_libc = ctypes.CDLL(ctypes.util.find_library('c'), use_errno=True)
_ptrace = _libc.ptrace
_ptrace.argtypes = (ctypes.c_ulong,) * 4
_ptrace.restype = ctypes.c_long
def ptrace(command: int, pid: int = 0, arg1: int = 0, arg2: int = 0) -> int:
"""
Call ptrace() with the provided pid and arguments. See the ```man ptrace```.
"""
logger.debug('ptrace({}, {}, {}, {})'.format(command, pid, arg1, arg2))
result = _ptrace(command, pid, arg1, arg2)
if result == -1:
errno = ctypes.get_errno()
if errno:
raise MemEditError('ptrace({}, {}, {}, {})'.format(command, pid, arg1, arg2) +
' failed with error {}: {}'.format(errno, strerror(errno)))
return result
class Process(AbstractProcess):
pid = None
def __init__(self, process_id: int):
ptrace(ptrace_commands['PTRACE_SEIZE'], process_id)
self.pid = process_id
def close(self):
os.kill(self.pid, signal.SIGSTOP)
ptrace(ptrace_commands['PTRACE_DETACH'], self.pid, 0, 0)
self.pid = None
def write_memory(self, base_address: int, write_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t):
with open('/proc/{}/mem'.format(self.pid), 'rb+') as mem:
mem.seek(base_address)
mem.write(write_buffer)
def read_memory(self, base_address: int, read_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t) -> ctypes_buffer_t:
with open('/proc/{}/mem'.format(self.pid), 'rb+') as mem:
mem.seek(base_address)
mem.readinto(read_buffer)
return read_buffer
def get_path(self) -> str:
try:
with open('/proc/{}/cmdline', 'rb') as f:
return f.read().decode().split('\x00')[0]
except FileNotFoundError:
return ''
@staticmethod
def list_available_pids() -> List[int]:
pids = []
for pid_str in os.listdir('/proc'):
try:
pids.append(int(pid_str))
except ValueError:
continue
return pids
@staticmethod
def get_pid_by_name(target_name: str) -> int:
for pid in Process.list_available_pids():
try:
logger.info('Checking name for pid {}'.format(pid))
with open('/proc/{}/cmdline'.format(pid), 'rb') as cmdline:
path = cmdline.read().decode().split('\x00')[0]
except FileNotFoundError:
continue
name = os.path.basename(path)
logger.info('Name was "{}"'.format(name))
if path is not None and name == target_name:
return pid
logger.info('Found no process with name {}'.format(target_name))
return None
def list_mapped_regions(self, writeable_only: bool = True) -> List[Tuple[int, int]]:
regions = []
with open('/proc/{}/maps'.format(self.pid), 'r') as maps:
for line in maps:
bounds, privileges = line.split()[0:2]
if 'r' not in privileges:
continue
if writeable_only and 'w' not in privileges:
continue
start, stop = (int(bound, 16) for bound in bounds.split('-'))
regions.append((start, stop))
return regions

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"""
Utility functions and types:
Type definition for buffers:
ctypes_buffer_t
Custom exception type:
MemEditError
Search for a buffer inside another buffer:
search_buffer(needle_buffer, haystack_buffer)
Check if two buffers (ctypes objects) store equal values:
ctypes_equal(a, b)
"""
from typing import List
import ctypes
ctypes_buffer_t = ctypes._SimpleCData or ctypes.Array or ctypes.Structure or ctypes.Union
class MemEditError(Exception):
pass
def search_buffer(needle_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t, haystack_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t) -> List[int]:
"""
Search for a buffer inside another buffer.
:param needle_buffer: Buffer to search for.
:param haystack_buffer: Buffer to search in.
:return: List of offsets where the needle_buffer was found.
"""
found = []
read_type = type(needle_buffer)
for offset in range(0, len(haystack_buffer) - ctypes.sizeof(needle_buffer)):
v = read_type.from_buffer(haystack_buffer, offset)
if ctypes_equal(needle_buffer, v):
found.append(offset)
return found
def ctypes_equal(a: ctypes_buffer_t, b: ctypes_buffer_t) -> bool:
"""
Check if the values stored inside two ctypes buffers are equal.
"""
if not type(a) == type(b):
return False
if isinstance(a, ctypes.Array):
return a[:] == b[:]
elif isinstance(a, ctypes.Structure) or isinstance(a, ctypes.Union):
for attr_name, attr_type in a._fields_:
a_attr, b_attr = (getattr(x, attr_name) for x in (a, b))
if isinstance(a, ctypes_buffer_t):
if not ctypes_equal(a_attr, b_attr):
return False
elif not a_attr == b_attr:
return False
return True
else:
return a.value == b.value

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"""
Implementation of Process class for Windows
"""
from typing import List, Tuple
from math import floor
from os import strerror
import os.path
import ctypes
import ctypes.wintypes
import logging
from .abstract import Process as AbstractProcess
from .utils import ctypes_buffer_t, MemEditError
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Process handle privileges
privileges = {
'PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION': 0x0400,
'PROCESS_VM_OPERATION': 0x0008,
'PROCESS_VM_READ': 0x0010,
'PROCESS_VM_WRITE': 0x0020,
}
privileges['PROCESS_RW'] = (
privileges['PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION'] |
privileges['PROCESS_VM_OPERATION'] |
privileges['PROCESS_VM_READ'] |
privileges['PROCESS_VM_WRITE']
)
# Memory region states
mem_states = {
'MEM_COMMIT': 0x1000,
'MEM_FREE': 0x10000,
'MEM_RESERVE': 0x2000,
}
# Memory region permissions
page_protections = {
'PAGE_EXECUTE': 0x10,
'PAGE_EXECUTE_READ': 0x20,
'PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE': 0x40,
'PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY': 0x80,
'PAGE_NOACCESS': 0x01,
'PAGE_READWRITE': 0x04,
'PAGE_WRITECOPY': 0x08,
}
# Custom (combined) permissions
page_protections['PAGE_READABLE'] = (
page_protections['PAGE_EXECUTE_READ'] |
page_protections['PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE'] |
page_protections['PAGE_READWRITE']
)
page_protections['PAGE_READWRITEABLE'] = (
page_protections['PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE'] |
page_protections['PAGE_READWRITE']
)
# Memory types
mem_types = {
'MEM_IMAGE': 0x1000000,
'MEM_MAPPED': 0x40000,
'MEM_PRIVATE': 0x20000,
}
# C struct for VirtualQueryEx
class MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
('BaseAddress', ctypes.c_void_p),
('AllocationBase', ctypes.c_void_p),
('AllocationProtect', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('RegionSize', ctypes.wintypes.UINT),
('State', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('Protect', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('Type', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
]
# C struct for GetSystemInfo
class SYSTEM_INFO(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
('wProcessorArchitecture', ctypes.wintypes.WORD),
('wReserved', ctypes.wintypes.WORD),
('dwPageSize', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('lpMinimumApplicationAddress', ctypes.c_void_p),
('lpMaximumApplicationAddress', ctypes.c_void_p),
('dwActiveProcessorMask', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('dwNumberOfProcessors', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('dwProcessorType', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('dwAllocationGranularity', ctypes.wintypes.DWORD),
('wProcessorLevel', ctypes.wintypes.WORD),
('wProcessorRevision', ctypes.wintypes.WORD),
]
class Process(AbstractProcess):
process_handle = None
def __init__(self, process_id: int):
process_handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess(
privileges['PROCESS_RW'],
False,
process_id
)
if not process_handle:
raise MemEditError('Couldn\'t open process {}'.format(process_id))
self.process_handle = process_handle
def close(self):
ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle(self.process_handle)
self.process_handle = None
def write_memory(self, base_address: int, write_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t):
try:
ctypes.windll.kernel32.WriteProcessMemory(
self.process_handle,
base_address,
ctypes.byref(write_buffer),
ctypes.sizeof(write_buffer),
None
)
except (BufferError, ValueError, TypeError):
raise MemEditError('Error with handle {}: {}'.format(self.process_handle, self._get_last_error()))
def read_memory(self, base_address: int, read_buffer: ctypes_buffer_t) -> ctypes_buffer_t:
try:
ctypes.windll.kernel32.ReadProcessMemory(
self.process_handle,
base_address,
ctypes.byref(read_buffer),
ctypes.sizeof(read_buffer),
None
)
except (BufferError, ValueError, TypeError):
raise MemEditError('Error with handle {}: {}'.format(self.process_handle, self._get_last_error()))
return read_buffer
@staticmethod
def _get_last_error() -> Tuple[int, str]:
err = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetLastError()
return err, strerror(err)
def get_path(self) -> str:
max_path_len = 260
name_buffer = (ctypes.c_char * max_path_len)()
rval = ctypes.windll.psapi.GetProcessImageFileNameA(
self.process_handle,
name_buffer,
max_path_len
)
if rval > 0:
return name_buffer.value.decode()
else:
return None
@staticmethod
def list_available_pids() -> List[int]:
# According to EnumProcesses docs, you can't find out how many processes there are before
# fetching the list. As a result, we grab 100 on the first try, and if we get a full list
# of 100, repeatedly double the number until we get fewer than we asked for.
n = 100
num_returned = n
returned_size = ctypes.wintypes.DWORD()
returned_size_ptr = ctypes.byref(returned_size)
while True:
pids = (ctypes.wintypes.DWORD * n)()
size = ctypes.sizeof(pids)
pids_ptr = ctypes.byref(pids)
success = ctypes.windll.Psapi.EnumProcesses(pids_ptr, size, returned_size_ptr)
if not success:
raise MemEditError('Failed to enumerate processes: n={}'.format(n))
num_returned = floor(returned_size.value / ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.wintypes.DWORD))
if n == num_returned:
n *= 2
continue
else:
break
return pids[:num_returned]
@staticmethod
def get_pid_by_name(target_name: str) -> int:
for pid in Process.list_available_pids():
try:
logger.info('Checking name for pid {}'.format(pid))
with Process.open_process(pid) as process:
path = process.get_path()
name = os.path.basename(path)
logger.info('Name was "{}"'.format(name))
if path is not None and name == target_name:
return pid
except ValueError:
pass
logger.info('Found no process with name {}'.format(target_name))
return None
def list_mapped_regions(self, writeable_only: bool = True) -> List[Tuple[int, int]]:
sysinfo = SYSTEM_INFO()
sysinfo_ptr = ctypes.byref(sysinfo)
ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetSystemInfo(sysinfo_ptr)
start = sysinfo.lpMinimumApplicationAddress
stop = sysinfo.lpMaximumApplicationAddress
def get_mem_info(address):
"""
Query the memory region starting at or before 'address' to get its size/type/state/permissions.
"""
mbi = MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION()
mbi_ptr = ctypes.byref(mbi)
mbi_size = ctypes.sizeof(mbi)
success = ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualQueryEx(
self.process_handle,
address,
mbi_ptr,
mbi_size,
)
if success != mbi_size:
if success == 0:
raise MemEditError('Failed VirtualQueryEx with handle ' +
'{}: {}'.format(self.process_handle, self._get_last_error()))
else:
raise MemEditError('VirtualQueryEx output too short!')
return mbi
regions = []
page_ptr = start
while page_ptr < stop:
page_info = get_mem_info(page_ptr)
if page_info.Type == mem_types['MEM_PRIVATE'] and \
page_info.State == mem_states['MEM_COMMIT'] and \
page_info.Protect & page_protections['PAGE_READABLE'] != 0 and \
(page_info.Protect & page_protections['PAGE_READWRITEABLE'] != 0 or not writeable_only):
regions.append((page_ptr, page_ptr + page_info.RegionSize))
page_ptr += page_info.RegionSize
return regions

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setup.py Normal file
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#!/usr/bin/env python
from setuptools import setup, find_packages
setup(name='mem_edit',
version='0.1',
description='Multiplatform library for memory editing',
author='Jan Petykiewicz',
author_email='anewusername@gmail.com',
url='https://mpxd.net/gogs/jan/mem_edit',
keywords = [
'memory',
'edit',
'editing',
'ReadProcessMemory',
'WriteProcessMemory',
'proc',
'mem',
'ptrace',
'multiplatform',
'scan',
'scanner',
'search',
'debug',
'cheat',
'trainer',
],
classifiers = [
'Programming Language :: Python',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
'Development Status :: 4 - Beta',
'Environment :: Other Environment',
'Intended Audience :: Developers',
'License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Affero General Public License v3',
'Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux',
'Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows',
'Topic :: Software Development',
'Topic :: Software Development :: Debuggers',
'Topic :: Software Development :: Testing',
'Topic :: System',
'Topic :: Games/Entertainment',
'Topic :: Utilities',
],
packages=find_packages(),
install_requires=[
'ctypes',
'typing',
],
extras_require={
},
)